Pedigree Breeds

The American Bulldog is a powerful, athletic short-coated dog, strongly muscled, and well boned. The body is just slightly longer than tall. The head is large and broad, with a wide muzzle. Ears are small to medium in size, high set, and may be drop, semi-prick, rose, or cropped. The tail may be docked or natural.
The two men who are recognized as the pioneers of bringing the breed back from possible extinction are John D. Johnson and Alan Scott.
Source: https://www.ukcdogs.com/american-bulldog
Source: https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/american-bulldog/ 

The Spinone Italiano is a "dog of solid construction, robust and vigorous with powerful bone, well-developed muscles and with a rough coat." "Naturally sociable, docile and patient, the Spinone is an experienced hunter in all terrains; very resistant to tiredness, goes easily into thorny underwood, or throws himself into cold water. He has remarkable dispositions for an extended and fast trot; by nature he is an excellent retriever."

Source: FCI Breed Standard (English)

The English Setter is a medium size breed of dog. It is part of the Setter family, which includes the red Irish Setters, Irish Red and White Setters, and black-and-tan Gordon Setters.

Source: Wikipedia

The Canaan Dog is a Pariah Dog of Israel and is the national dog of Israel. Nobody really knows the exact truth about their origins. These dogs are native  to the Land of Canaan that made themselves useful to Bedouin and Hebrew tribes over thousands of years by herding and guarding their flocks. It is understood that the Canaan Dog is an ancient breed. Pre-biblical drawings and carvings depict dogs very similar to the Canaan Dog we know today.  This breed existed solely as a free-living pariah until the end of the 1930s. The breed is a survivor, a sound and hardy animal that is capable of surviving in the very harsh environment of its natural home.  A Canaan is a dog with all the traits that make them a good service dog — an alert and agile dog, being territorial and with highly developed senses.  The Canaan Dog is still classified as a rare breed by The Kennel Club.
 Sources: http://canaandog.co.uk/history-of-the-canaan-dog/ and http://www.fci.be/Nomenclature/Education/273g05-PRE-en.pdf
 

They are one of 4 tri-coloured Swiss Mountain Breeds, (Appenzeller, Entlebucher and Great Swiss Mountain Dog being the other), but are the only one with longer coat. The Bernese is still popular in Switzerland generally but especially in the hills of the Bernese Oberland.

Source: Bernese Mountain Dog Club of Great Britain

The Flat-Coated Retriever is a gundog breed originating from the United Kingdom. It was developed as a retriever both on land and in the water.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat-Coated_Retriever

The Toller is a medium-sized, powerful, compact, balanced, well-muscled dog; medium to heavy in bone, with a high degree of agility, alertness and determination. The Toller is highly intelligent, easy to train and has great endurance. A strong and able swimmer, he is a natural and tenacious retriever on land and from water setting himself for springy action the moment the slightest indication is given that retrieving is required.

Source: http://www.fci.be/en/nomenclature/NOVA-SCOTIA-DUCK-TOLLING-RETRIEVER-312.html

The Dobermann is the only German breed which bears the name of its original breeder, Friedrich Louis Dobermann (02.01.1834 – 09.06.1894). He was believed to be a tax collector, offal abbatoir manager (knacker) and a part time dog catcher, legally able to catch all stray dogs. He bred with animals from this reservoir that were particularly sharp. The so called “butcher’s dogs” which were already considered a relatively pure breed at that time, played a most important role in the origination of the Dobermann breed.

Source: FCI

Said to have come in the first place from France more than 200 years ago, the Clumber was brought to Great Britain by the Duke of Newcastle and bred at his family home of Clumber Park in Nottinghamshire.

Source: The Kennel Club

The Boxer is a medium sized, smooth coated, sturdy dog of compact, square build and strong bone. His muscles are taut, strongly developed and moulded in appearance. His movement is lively, powerful with noble bearing. The Boxer must be neither cumbersome nor heavy, nor light or lacking in body substance.

Source: FCI

The roots of the Shih Tzu are in Tibet but it was developed in China, where dogs like these lived in the imperial palaces. After China became a republic in 1912, examples of the breed found their way to the West. Temperamentally, the Shih Tzu is a bouncy character and very outgoing. A complete extrovert and full of infectious enthusiasm, he makes a delightful companion who is happy to be part of any family.
Source: https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/search/breeds-a-to-z/breeds/utility/shih-tzu/

Up to the end of the17th century, Irish Wolfhounds were used for hunting wolves and deer in Ireland. They were also used for hunting the wolves that infested large areas of Europe before the forests were cleared.

Source: Irish Kennel Club

The Lapponian Herder has a good temperament; it is calm, quick to learn, energetic and eager to serve. It barks a lot when working. It is friendly to people, but not suited to be a companion dog only because it demands action as well. It can handle being outdoors all the time.

From: Kennelliito (The Finnish Kennel Club, IPFD Founding Partner) Native Breeds: Lapponian Herder

The Markiesje is an authentic Dutch Spaniel whose origin can be traced back to the Middle Ages. The Markiesje is finely built, black, elegant and intelligent. Cheerful and curious as long as it receives enough attention from its owner - this breed is 'under reconstruction'. Registration is done by the Dutch Kennel Club in a temporary register. 

The Groenendael /ˈɡroʊnɨndæl/ is a dog that is included in the Belgian Shepherd breed. In the United States it is generally recognized under the name Belgian Sheepdog.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groenendael_(Belgian_Shepherd_Dog)

The West Siberian Laika or WSL, is a breed of hunting dog. Russian publications indicate that the term West Siberian Laika loosely applied to hunting dogs originating with the Mansi and Khanty people in Ural and West Siberia, but there were no standards or registrations of WSL as such until 1930.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Siberian_Laika

The Black Russian Terrier, also known as the Chornyi Terrier is a breed of dog created in the USSR in the Red Star Kennel during the late 1940s and the early 1950s for use as military/working dogs.  BRTs are calm, confident, self-assured, highly intelligent dogs that with proper training and socialization are loyal, reliable, robust working companions. This large and powerful dog is not in all likelihood an ideal fit for the first-time dog owner.

A very ancient breed, common throughout France, used for hunting waterfowl and described or mentioned in several works as early as the 16th century. Medium proportions, medium size, characterized by a thick, woolly coat which guarantees efficient protection against cold and damp. The coat forms a beard (French barbe) on the chin, which gave the breed its name (Barbet). Even disposition, very attached to his master, very sociable, loving water even when very cold.

Source: FCI

Versatile farmyard dog, family pet, guard dog with utter contempt for danger or hurt, hunter and gundog. The dog must present an active, lively, lithe and wiry appearance; lots of substance, at the same time free of clumsiness, as speed and endurance as well as power is very essential. The Irish Terrier must be neither “cloddy nor cobby” but should be framed on the “lines of speed” showing a graceful racy outline.

Source: http://www.ikc.ie/dog-ownership/types-of-dog/breeds/native-breeds-of-ireland/native-irish-breed/73/

The Irish Red Setter Club was established in 1882 to promote the Breed. The club issued the Breed Standard in 1886, and has organised field trials and shows to set the Standard for the Breed since that time. In 1998 the club published the working style for the breed. The standard and working style together describes the physical form and working ability of the breed. The Irish Red Setter has evolved down the years into a hardy, healthy, intelligent dog, possessed of excellent working ability and great stamina.

Source: http://www.ikc.ie/dog-ownership/types-of-dog/breeds/breed-details/50/

Though Britain is listed as the country of development of the Pomeranian, he is a Spitz-type dog descended from the much larger sled-hauling dogs of the Arctic. He was bred from the German Spitz before becoming known in the UK in 1870. In 1890, he entered the kennels of Queen Victoria, which popularised the breed, and the Pomeranian Club was formed the following year.

Source: https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/search/breeds-a-to-z/breeds/toy/pomeranian/

It is not well known outside of Ireland that there are two breeds of Irish Setters, but is fairly certain, that the Red and White Setter is the older of the two, and that judicious selective breeding evolved the solid red colour. Strong well balanced and proportioned without lumber; athletic rather than racy. Most acceptable companion and friend in the homes and the fields. The Irish Red & White Setter is bred primarily for the field.

Source: https://www.ikc.ie/dog-ownership/types-of-dog/breeds/breed-details/?breedId=51

The Chow Chow (sometimes simply Chow) is a dog breed originally from northern China,] where it is referred to as Songshi Quan (Pinyin: sōngshī quǎn 鬆獅犬), which means "puffy-lion dog".

Source: Wikipedia

Large, powerful, stocky rather than slim. An enlarged, powerful image of the Schnauzer. An imperturbable dog, prepared for defense, whose appearance fills with respect. Typical characteristics of this dog are his good natured, even temperament and his incorruptible loyalty towards his master. He has highly developed sense organs, intelligence, trainability, strength, endurance, speed, resistance to weather and diseases. His inborn ability to bear strain and his self assurance make him best suited for being a companion, sporting, utility and working dog.

Source: http://www.fci.be/en/nomenclature/GIANT-SCHNAUZER-181.html

Welsh Corgis have historically been used as herding dogs, specifically for cattle. They are of the type of herding dog referred to as "heelers", meaning that they would nip at the heels of the larger animals to keep them on the move. Both Pembrokeshire and Cardigan are historically agricultural areas of Wales.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_Corgi
The two Corgi breeds are named for those regions. Once interbred, the Kennel Club designated the different types as two distinct breeds in 1934. Slightly smaller than the Cardigan, not quite as long in body and with a smaller ear and straighter front legs, the Pembroke was traditionally docked, but that differentiation no longer exists since the docking ban. However some breeders have worked hard to produce natural bobtails. The Pembroke has always been the more popular breed, perhaps helped by the Royal patronage it has received since the reign of King George VI and carried on by our present monarch Queen Elizabeth II.
Source: https://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/search/breeds-a-to-z/breeds/pastoral/welsh-corgi-pembroke/
Also see:  Cardigan Welsh Corgi  https://dogwellnet.com/breeds/pedigreed/cardigan-welsh-corgi-r220/